Why is a water treatment program essential for boilers?

A water treatment program is essential for boilers primarily because it addresses critical issues such as scale formation, corrosion, and biological growth.

When water is heated in a boiler, impurities can precipitate out and form scale on the heating surfaces, which can drastically reduce thermal efficiency and lead to overheating and failure of the boiler components. Corrosion is another significant concern; it can occur due to the presence of oxygen or acidic substances in the water, leading to the deterioration of metal surfaces and potentially causing leaks or failures. Biological growth, such as algae or bacteria, can thrive in water if proper treatment is not applied, which can also compromise system integrity and efficiency.

By implementing a water treatment program, the boiler can operate more effectively, ensuring a longer lifespan and reducing the likelihood of operational downtimes due to these problems. This is vital for maintaining safety and efficiency in boiler operation, making it clear why option A is the correct choice.