What phenomenon does carryover in a boiler primarily lead to?

Carryover in a boiler occurs when water, along with steam, is unintentionally transported out of the boiler drum into the steam system. This phenomenon primarily leads to steam loss, as the presence of water in the steam can reduce the quality of the steam being delivered for heating or other processes.

When carryover occurs, it can result in significant operational issues, including poor heating performance and decreased system efficiency. The presence of water in the steam can also cause damage to equipment downstream, potentially leading to water hammer, which is not the primary phenomenon caused directly by carryover but is an associated risk if water accumulates in lines or steam traps due to this phenomenon.

Increased efficiency is not related to carryover, as carryover typically indicates something undesirable, often leading to inefficiencies. Cracking is also not a direct result of carryover; it pertains more to the physical integrity of the boiler materials under thermal stress rather than the steam and water dynamics involved with carryover.

Focusing on the impact of carryover, steam loss is the most direct and primary phenomenon resulting from this issue, highlighting the importance of maintaining proper water levels and quality in the boiler to ensure efficient performance.