What is the primary function of a check valve in a piping system?

The primary function of a check valve in a piping system is to allow flow in one direction. Check valves are designed to prevent reverse flow, ensuring that the fluid or gas only travels in the intended direction throughout the system. This unidirectional flow is critical for maintaining system integrity and preventing potential damage or contamination that could occur if fluid were to flow back into areas where it shouldn't, such as a pump or a supply reservoir.

Check valves typically open under pressure from the fluid flowing in the desired direction and close automatically when the flow reverses. This feature is especially important in systems that rely on gravity or pressure differentials, as it helps maintain consistent flow and prevents disturbances that could affect equipment operation or process efficiency. While preventing backflow is a significant function of check valves, the focus here is on their fundamental role in facilitating flow in a single direction.